The Rise of the European Emperor

For many days, Marin ate fat beef hot pot every day. As a result, he got angry and blistered at the corners of his mouth. Then, Marin stopped eating hot pot.

However, so much beef was not consumed, and Marin did not stop eating beef. Then, Marin sautéed steak instead. First pour oil on the pan, then take out the prime steak, add black pepper to make black pepper steak. Of course, not medium-rare or medium-rare steaks, but medium-rare steaks, which are both tender and not irritating because of undercookedness.

The introduction of black pepper fried steak is also very popular. In this era, cattle are an important livestock, and beef is relatively rare. Ordinary people usually eat pork or mutton. Beef, on the other hand, is often eaten by nobles and rich people.

However, French cuisine has not yet appeared in this era. Moreover, Europeans were also very short of food oil at this time. Therefore, frying food is still very rare. More cooking methods are roasting and boiling.

Marin's black pepper fried steak perfectly combines the beef eaten by the upper class and the pepper that the upper class eats. Also, it tastes good. As a result, this very "noble" simple eating method using beef, black pepper, butter or olive oil, and onions as accessories quickly became popular in East Friesland and spread throughout Europe.

Years later, a shipload of paper was suddenly brought back from Cape Breton Island in North America...

Marin took it seriously and rushed to the port of Emden to personally test the quality of the papers. After checking, Marin found that these papers seemed to be of very good quality. Moreover, it seems to cater to Marin's needs. In this boat of paper, there are a lot of oiled paper.

Marin once said to the craftsmen who went to the north of Cape Breton Island to build a paper mill, that he hoped to make very cheap paper, and then make thick oiled paper, replace animal skins with oiled paper bags, and become a kind of very cheap paper. Important moisture-proof bags.

Then, paper craftsmen sent to Cape Breton Island used whale oil to soak thick paper and heated it to produce whale oil paper.

However, Marin knew that the real high-quality oiled paper was actually made by coating the surface of the paper with dry oil. Dry oils are mainly tung oil, catalpa oil, linseed oil, etc. This oil dries quickly and easily forms an oxide layer on the surface of the paper, and has a good waterproof effect.

In contrast, non-drying oils. This oil is difficult to oxidize and dry, and exists in a relatively stable oil state for a long time. This oil is very suitable as a lubricating oil because it is not easily oxidized. Anyway, Marin remembered that the chemistry teacher in his previous life said that non-drying oil is not suitable for making oil paper.

And whale oil, more strange. Although it is animal fat, it has a high iodine value, as high as 110 to 135, which is a semi-drying oil. The iodine value of butter and suet is only 30 or 40 points, which is an obvious non-drying oil.

so,

In order to enhance the performance of the butter paper commonly used in later generations, the paper must be soaked in sulfuric acid before being coated with butter. Otherwise, tallow is not easily oxidized, and it is difficult to form a dry protective oil film on the surface of the paper.

Because whale oil is a semi-drying oil, it is not as difficult to oxidize as butter. Therefore, the quality of whale oil paper, although not as good as that of tung oil paper, is barely sufficient.

Touching the whale oil paper, Marin didn't notice that his hands became greasy. Therefore, these whale oil papers can still form an oxidized oil film after a long time or after being dried at high temperature.

With this batch of whale oil paper, Marin decided to find someone to make these whale oil paper into oil paper bags. In the future, goods that are prone to moisture, such as cane sugar and salt, will be sealed and packaged in oil-paper bags to avoid moisture deterioration.

You know, sugar and salt are expensive commodities these days. If it gets wet and deteriorates, the loss is huge.

However, the cost of oil paper was too high before. Moreover, it is difficult to make qualified oil paper with animal oil. Therefore, in order to protect valuable commodities such as cane sugar and salt, many people use animal skin bags to carry these things.

And Marin's paper mill in Cape Breton Island, because of the adoption of later paper technology, resulting in very low paper production costs. According to the report sent by Garland, the Cape Breton Island paper mill produces paper at a relatively low cost. Because the raw materials for papermaking, except for sodium sulfate, need to be purchased from Egypt, which is a bit of a cost. The rest, like the wood, is simply felled everywhere. This stuff is everywhere in North America. So is the coal used for fuel, and there happens to be a big coal mine on Cape Breton Island - the North Sydney Coal Mine.

In general, the cost of making paper on Cape Breton Island is the sodium sulfate imported from Egypt, the labor cost of logging, digging, and transporting coal, plus some salaries for paper craftsmen. This cost is nothing at all in the face of the efficient chemical pulping of modern technology.

According to the estimates of Tara's assistants, the cost of papermaking on Cape Breton Island is about 1 pfennig per 100 sheets of paper, which is several times lower than the cost of papermaking in Daming.

This is also something that can't be helped. Who called Daming's papermaking, the cycle is as long as more than 100 days. On Cape Breton Island, it takes only one day to turn wood into pulp. Therefore, although the salary of the paper craftsmen under Marin is higher than that of the craftsmen in Daming, the labor cost such as logging is also higher than that of the Daming paper workshop. However, in the face of efficient modern technology, this gap has long been offset. And, more than a lot.

Hearing that a hundred sheets of paper cost only one penny, Jeffrey, who came to join in the fun, could fit a big goose egg in his mouth. He has been an old official for many years, and he deals a lot with paper.

Jeffrey is very clear that at present, the price of paper in Europe is 1 pfennig per sheet. Its cost is not about 1 pfennig, but it is enough to reach dozens of times the papermaking cost of the paper mill on Cape Breton Island in Marlin.

In other words, Marin reduced the cost of papermaking dozens of times. This is absolutely of great significance for the dissemination of culture.

Once upon a time, the average person made me less than 2 pfennig a day. A piece of paper costs 1 pfennig. That is to say, ordinary people work for one day, only enough to buy two sheets of paper...

Under such circumstances, can ordinary children afford to read books? Obviously can't read it. You know, there are dozens of sheets of paper in a book (a large sheet of paper). This is only the cost of paper, in addition, knowledge itself has a cost. In addition to the cost of printing, ordinary people may not be able to afford a book after working for a month. Therefore, before the mid-19th century, ordinary people could not afford to read books.

Knowing that in the mid-19th century, after the emergence of mechanical pulping and chemical pulping, the cost of papermaking was greatly reduced. Then, European culture spread rapidly, and science really took off in the second half of the 19th century.

Therefore, the decline in paper costs will have a great impact on society.

Seeing the cheap paper produced in Cape Breton Island, Marin seemed to see a great development in technology. Of course, there is also the promotion of cheap oil paper bags. In the future, the preservation and transportation of moisture-prone commodities will no longer be a big problem with a large number of cheap oil paper bags...