Rebirth of South America as King

At the end of 1882, the thirteenth economic crisis gradually revealed its destructive power, and the western industrialized countries such as Britain, France, Germany, Italy, and the United States suffered from it.

In December 1882, the Han government formulated a European technology introduction plan and authorized embassies in European countries to take charge of technology introduction in the host country.

In February 1883, the last convoy of Nanyang Army soldiers and Annan Chinese set off from northern Annan. At this point, the two-year Annan evacuation operation was announced to end.

All the Chinese in the Nanyang Regiment and Annan Beiban area were evacuated, and the northern provinces such as Langshan, Quang Ninh, and Bac Ninh were quickly behind the Colonial Army of Cochin Chin.

Affected by the local economic crisis in Europe, the French government is eager to expand its colony abroad to pass on the local economic crisis.

Therefore, when the news of the death and death of the King of Vietnam came back to Europe in June 1883, the Republican government immediately authorized the Cochin Chin colonial army to start a comprehensive plan to occupy Annan's entire territory.

Without the containment of the Nanyang Legion, the decaying and cowardly Annan government army was like an old fence in front of the French colonial offensive, and it fell down as soon as it was pushed.

On July 16, 1883, France attacked the Hue Fort of Hue in Hue. On the 17th, it invaded the city of Hue. On the 23rd, Annan's garrison fell without a fight, humiliatingly signing the "France-Vietnam New Peace Treaty" with the French, namely the Hue Treaty, a total of 27 paragraphs. According to this treaty, France changed Annan into its own protectorate and controlled Vietnam's internal affairs and diplomacy. French Minister Ho Lo (Mu Mang) immediately posted a notice declaring that the entire territory of Vietnam is a law and warned the Qing army not to get involved in Annan affairs.

In September 1883, the Guangxi Qing Army stationed in northern Annan in accordance with the instructions of the Qing court and confronted the French colonial army in Shanxi and Baosheng.

On November 13, 1883, in order to eliminate the interference of the Qing court in Annan's situation, the Governor's Office of Cochin Chinna ordered Lupao to lead 6,000 troops to launch an attack on the Qing army position in Shanxi (now northwest of Hanoi), and the Sino-French war broke out.

At the beginning of the war, the Qing army was defeated by Lien Chan, and France took the lead. On April 17, 1884, the Qing government was forced to sign the "Concise Treaty between China and France", recognize France's "protection right" for Vietnam, and agree to open trade on the Sino-Vietnamese border. He also stated that the Beibei Qing Army was withdrawn from the border.

At the beginning of May, the French army forcibly accepted the Qing dynasty army station near Lang Son, Vietnam, and was attacked, and the French army retired.

On June 15, the French navy attacked Keelung, Taiwan, and was repelled by the garrison.

On the third day of July, a French warship moored at Mawei Naval Harbor suddenly attacked the Fujian Marine Division. Because of the Qing court's policy of avoiding war and incompetence of command, the fleet rushed to fight, was beaten passively, and was eventually doomed by the entire army. On the sixth day, the Qing government was forced to declare war on France.

In August, the French ship re-offended Taiwan and was stopped by the Qing Army in Shanghai (now Danshui).

In the first month of 1885, the French ship north invaded Zhenhai, Zhejiang, was bombarded by the Qing army, the French army retired, the commander was seriously injured, and later died in Penghu.

At the same time, on the Sino-Vietnamese border, the Qing army failed to fight back and steadily retreated, allowing the French army to capture Zhennan Pass (now a friendship pass), a border town. The new governor of the two provinces, Zhang Zhidong, then used veteran Feng Zicai for the Guangxi Military Affairs Office and re-arranged combat readiness. On February 8th, he gained the victory of Zhennan Pass. On the 13th, another victory was obtained, which severely injured the French commander Nigri.

The successive victory of the Qing army made the French army in Hanoi extremely frightened and ready to flee. The French cabinet of Rue Ferriere also fell due to defeat. On the 19th, the Qing government signed a Paris Armistice Agreement with France. On the 22nd, it ordered the frontline troops to cease truce on the first day of March and withdraw their troops on the 11th. On April 27, Li Hongzhang was authorized to sign the "Tenth Section of the Vietnam Treaty between China and France" with the French Minister to China Baden in Tianjin. Because of the timid concession of the Qing government, China lost undefeated, but France won.

The withdrawal of the Nanyang Army means that the Han government has abandoned its interventionist policies in the Far East. As long as the Western countries do not make aggressive acts against the Natuna Islands, Songkhla, and Lan Fang rulers, the Han government ’s attention will be It will not shift from South America to the Far East again.

When the Qing court and the French army stopped in Annan, the situation in the rest of the world also changed rapidly.

In October 1884, ships that went to the United States, Canada, and Australia to accept Chinese workers returned one after another, and the Chinese National People's Congress relocation caused by the "Chinese Exclusion Act" entered its final phase.

On November 15, 1884, the European governments excluded the Han government that had colonial interests in the African region.

Only invitations include the German Empire, the British Empire, the Third French Republic, the Russian Empire, the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the United States of America, the Kingdom of Italy, the Spanish Empire, the Portuguese Empire, the Ottoman Empire, the Dutch Colonial Empire, the Kingdom of Belgium, the Kingdom of Sweden, the Kingdom of Denmark, and Norway 15 European countries including the Kingdom,

A conference to divide Africa is held in Berlin, the German capital. The length of the meeting was 104 days. During the meeting, the British, French, and German countries divided the African colonies according to their own wishes. Contradictions and disputes between the parties continued. Until the beginning of 1885, the countries barely reached the principle of dividing Africa.

In this way, for the first time, European and American powers delineated their respective geographical boundaries in tropical Africa on the map in Berlin far from Africa.

In order to prevent countries from meeting each other in Africa's contention, the Berlin Conference also focused on the issue of "effective occupation."

After fierce disputes between countries and the United Kingdom, which has the most territories in Africa, a very vague wording resolution was finally adopted: in the future, participating countries must notify other countries of each other when they occupy the coastal land of Africa; merge in the occupied African coastal areas, It is the responsibility to ensure the establishment of ruling powers sufficient to protect existing rights and interests. When discussing the issue of free trade in the Congo River Basin, the Berlin Conference forced the Han Congolese colony, French Congo and northern Angola into the free trade zone without the consent of the Han country.

With regard to the freedom of inland navigation, the freedom of navigation under the international supervision of the Congo Basin was finally adopted. The final protocol signed by the Berlin Conference was 38 articles, with a total of 60,000 words, but most of them were official samples, but none were implemented. The conflict that the conference attempted to resolve as a result of the division of Central Africa was not officially discussed at the conference table, but was resolved through political transactions at the conference.

They were not included in the protocol. The limited outcome of this conference is to show the contrast of power that European powers have formed in Africa, marking a new starting point for their frantic competition for Africa.

After the Berlin conference, the pace of European powers dividing Africa has accelerated. In 1876, European powers only occupied 10.8% of Africa's land, increased to 25% in 1885, and soared to 90.4% in 1900 after the Berlin Conference.

By 1912, the African continent had been divided up, leaving only Ethiopia and Liberia to maintain their apparent independence.

In an unprecedentedly fierce battle for Africa, Britain has drawn up the so-called "Plan C" from Cape Town to Cairo in an attempt to establish a colonial empire that runs through the North and South continents of Africa.

France has formulated a "two S" plan from Senegal to Somalia in an attempt to traverse the east and west continents of Africa.

Germany has a plan to cross the continent from East Africa to Southwest Africa.

Portugal and Italy each have their own expansion plans. European powers all wanted to realize their expansion plans on the African continent, which caused serious disputes and conflicts. These disputes and conflicts will become an important factor leading to the First World War.

Facing the arrogant attitude of Western powers in the division of African colonies, the Han government has no more effective methods than routine diplomatic protests.

Time slowly moves forward in turbulence and change.

In June 1883, the concubine Zhang Baoyi was pregnant with her upper body. In August, the queen Wu Lingxuan and two newly-conducted concubines also sent the good news of pregnancy ~ www.wuxiaspot.com ~ The news came out that people from all over the country spontaneously had the emperor Celebration of the heirs. In 1884, the four daughters successively gave birth to two children and two daughters to Li Mingyuan. To celebrate the birth of the children, Li Mingyuan specifically named four small islands in the Yizhou Islands in the South Pacific Ocean and named them after the four children.

In January 1885, smokeless powder and new rifles using smokeless powder as ammunition completed the final verification work and began to enter large-scale production.

In August 1885, just when Western countries were still developing the first Mark Qin machine gun for Mark Qin, the first heavy machine gun independently developed by Han had already entered the National Defense Forces and began to replace the Gatling hand crank. Machine guns have become heavy fire support weapons for the National Defense Corps and battalion-level military units.

In May 1887, Crown Prince Frederick was found to have throat cancer. This time, because of the case of Prince Valmade being cured, Princess Victoria found the first time to stay in the Royal Palace of Germany to take care of the health of the Crown Prince's family. Then, under the correct diagnosis of He Lianchen and doctors of other countries, Crown Prince Frederick, like his son, was fortunately freed from the claws of death.

On March 9, 1888, the German emperor Wilhelm I died, and the successful Frederick Frederick took over the post of German emperor, becoming the second emperor of the German Empire. …………