Rebirth of South America as King

In the Royal Palace of Rio de Janeiro, the lively and glorious scenes of the past are replaced by silence and openness.

Pedro II sat in the main hall, and underneath stood Duke Garcia and Frobert.

"You know the Peruvian and Bolivian statements. Tell us what you think we should do to respond to them."

Pedro II spoke first.

"His Majesty, Peru and Bolivia have insufficient strength. As long as 10,000 troops are deployed to reinforce the western border area, the Acre area can be guaranteed."

Garcia originally did not want to show his opinion on the issues of Peru and Bolivia. Because of the defeat of the Paraguayan war, Garcia has been dismissed from the army as a military coach. At the same time, he has been prosecuted by the military court and may enter the cell at any time for punishment.

Brazil's main force was lost, and domestic publicity accused Garcia of inadvertent attention to the affairs of the Brazilian army, but Pedro II sent someone to bring him from the inspection room of the military court and raised military issues. Garcia could not Pretending not to hear.

"Peru and Bolivia are clowns who want to take advantage of the chaotic timing of the empire to gain benefits.

The Duke of Frobert informed the Army Headquarters to dispatch 5,000 men each from the Campinas Military District and the Ribeirao Retu Military District to reinforce the Acre area. "

"Observe, Your Majesty," Duke Frobert arched slightly. Turned around to call the officer on duty at the gate of the palace, after telling Pedro II's order, he returned to the palace.

"General Garcia, there is no problem with your military command ability. The defeat of the Paraguayan war is an accident. I hope you can face the impact of the Paraguayan war and continue to contribute to the development of the Brazilian empire."

"The main forces of the Imperial Army have been exhausted. As the supreme commander of the battlefield, I have an inescapable responsibility, and my staff is willing to accept the trial and punishment of the military court, and will not escape my responsibility."

Pedro II heard the meaning of comforting himself and shirk responsibility for the war in Paraguay, but as a pure soldier, he disdain to use this method to elute his guilt.

"General, the main responsibility of the Paraguayan war is determined by the military court and the Imperial Parliament. As a high-ranking general of the Imperial Army, I hope you show the quality of an excellent general and stand up bravely when the empire needs you, and Not like being defeated by a war defeat like a coward. "

Pedro II had a cautious look and a serious tone: "Two people, you should have seen the situation inside the Empire. On the outside, the Chinese forces occupied Rio Grande do Sul, and tens of thousands of imperial people were expelled from the land where they lived for generations. Paraguay is unstoppable, sending troops to attack Mato Grosso, Peru and Bolivia issued a statement demanding that the empire give up the Acre area, and it has been confirmed that Peru and Bolivia are conducting military mobilization. If the empire does not agree to their conditions, the new War will be inevitable. "

After speaking about the external situation facing Brazil, Pedro II said that the following two people did not express their opinions, and said in a heavy tone: "The external threats seem to be severe. In fact, as long as the domestic stability of the empire is intact, their threat is not great. Is it peaceful?

The political parties within the Imperial Parliament are extremely active. Representatives of local self-government forces demand local and regional autonomy. Representatives of farmers and factories hope to carry out thorough political reforms, limit the rights of monarchs, and improve their political status. The Liberal Party and the Republican forces launched a new case in the Imperial Parliament, and I will hold me accountable for the responsibility of launching the Paraguayan war and abolishing the monarchy.

Two, the development of the domestic situation of the empire is no longer the time to hold the person responsible for the failure of the war. Their goal has become a political event against me. They hope to use the influence of the failure of the war to prevent the economic and political reform of the empire and even topple the empire. Monarchy.

Pedro II paused for a while, his voice slowed down: At this time I hope you can stand firm with me, crush the conspiracy of the ambitionists and separatists inside the empire, and lead the empire out of its predicament. "

Pedro II was sincere and serious, but his words sounded differently in the ears of the two below.

The Frobert family is a well-established and established force in Brazil. They represent the big landowners and ranchers who support the monarchy. The landlord class has always been the most powerful supporter of the monarchy. The Frobert family and a group of noble landlord classes The Conservative Party is called the Royal Party by other parties in parliament, and it specifically fights against the Liberal Party and the Republican forces to ensure the stability of Pedro II's imperial power.

However, the full support of the royalists did not exchange the equivalent return of Pedro II.

In the Imperial Parliament, Pedro II only regarded the Conservative Party as a checker for counterbalancing the opposition. When needed, he asked the Conservative Party to fight against Liberals and Republicans, and then Pedro II acted as the final arbiter. The contradiction between the two factions, to put it plainly, was that Pedro II was between the royalists and the Republicans and did not solve the fundamental contradiction between the two factions.

Moreover, Pedro II, who was deeply affected by the political systems of Britain and France, hoped to change Brazil into a civilized and democratic country like Britain and France, implement a British constitutional monarchy, and pursue superficial democratic freedoms. He could not be ruthless against his own political forces. Elimination, the result is that the upper-class people in Brazil imitate the lives of Britain and France. The parties in the Imperial Parliament quarrel daily but mostly serve the forces they represent, and rarely care about the national interests.

It is said that it is a good idea to learn the political system of Britain and France, but Brazil is not a traditional European country. Indigenous white people in Brazil come from various regions such as Portugal, Spain, Germany, etc., and they are not concentric, and they are different groups such as mixed races, Indians, and black slaves. There are also complex contradictions, and the practice of democracy in such a country is undoubtedly a chronic suicide.

Pedro II is called a noble monarch by European countries, but it is not a monarch suitable for Brazil. The core of the Brazilian monarchy is the landlords and planters represented by the Portuguese nobility, because of their support for Pedro In order to suppress the forces of separatism and secession in China,

Politically, the big landowners and big planters formed a Conservative Party to **** the monarchy.

Economically, the landlord class with sufficient funds has invested money in industrial construction, which has promoted the development of Brazil's domestic industry.

On the military front, a group of members of the landlord family represented by Garcia joined the army and suppressed local separatist and rebel forces.

The main reason for the great landowners and large plantation classes to support Pedro ’s rule was for their land security and to protect the gains on the land. However, Pedro II, who was good and muddy, faced the influence of the abolition movement in European countries and the United States. All slaves belonging to the Brazilian royal family were released, and then a ban on the purchase of African slaves was announced recently, and Pedro II repeatedly stated in public that he completely abolished slavery and deliberately catered to Republican and liberal claims.

Pedro II's seemingly savvy but dangerous behavior is like walking a tightrope, and one accidentally falls to pieces.

In the original historical trajectory, the Paraguayan war was won, and Pedro II relied on the prestige of expanding his territory to extend the Brazilian empire for another 21 years. However, the Paraguayan war has completely failed, and various domestic forces opposing Pedro II have joined together Force, if nothing unexpected happens, the Brazilian empire will definitely not last for twenty years.

The one-on-one contradictions in Brazil are gradually accumulating, and only one flashpoint is needed. The huge Brazilian empire is likely to die in a short time.

Pedro II was in a dangerous situation without knowing it, but Frobert directly felt the grim situation. The aristocracy, the landlord class, the recovery of funds invested in industry was indefinite, the Paraguayan war failed, and more than 40,000 Brazilian soldiers or Dead or captured, most of the more than 40,000 people are members of the landlord class who want to gain land on the battlefield. Their death and captivity is a heavy blow to the Brazilian landlord class, and it also exacerbates their impact on Ped Luo II's dissatisfaction.

After Garcia led the remnants to Rio de Janeiro, many landowners and plantation families went to Frobert's residence to inquire about the situation, but Frobert's own son Kanudut did not return in the hands of the Chinese Independent Army. He was able to Is there any way to help others.

Speaking of Kanudut, the Chinese Independence Army did not treat him badly, did not let him do the physical work like ordinary captives, but arranged him in Porto Alegre city, eating and living every day is guaranteed, as far as knowing him More than two hundred people were executed after the war, and Li Mingyuan fulfilled his original promise to Kanudut, and only returned to Brazil after coordinating with Brazil.

Frobert received news of his son's safety a week ago, and was a little wary of the Chinese Independence Army's intention to hold his son, but more was peace of mind.

Although the Chinese Independent Army's combat effectiveness is strong, its small number and isolation are inherent disadvantages. He does not believe that the Chinese Independent Army can threaten the life and death of Brazil, so he is not so worried about Kanudut's handle in the hands of the Chinese Independent Army.

Pedro II and the muddy way made Frobert equally unhappy, but he also had no good way to make Pedro II change his mind, only nodded in support.

Garcia is different. His frankness as a soldier has made him less worried than Frobert, and he directly suggested: "Your Majesty, the strength of the domestic army of the empire is seriously insufficient. I implore His Majesty to take back the command of the local army and increase its strength."

The Paraguayan war has been going on for three years. It has not only lost the central army, but also the local forces affiliated with the states. It has also suffered heavy losses. Taking advantage of the opportunities announced by Peru and Bolivia, it is undoubtedly a good opportunity to regain the command of the local troops.

Opportunity is a good opportunity, but Pedro II couldn't make up his mind: "Before the outbreak of the Paraguayan war, I formally reached an agreement with the Imperial Parliament. The local troops were under the jurisdiction of their respective states. Without the Imperial Parliament and the state ’s resolutions, the emperor had no right The abolition of the local army establishment and the agreement has been incorporated into the empire's constitution. I cannot take the lead in violating the constitution. "

"His Majesty, the main force of the Imperial Guard is still in existence. In addition to the defensive forces guarding the capital, the strength of the central army directly suppresses the local forces. With the central forces in hand, the local forces dare not to disobey the central orders. Solve the ills of the local army. "

"I will talk about the issue of the local army later. I have reached a consensus with the Imperial Parliament. The land originally belonged to the church was redistributed to the church. The black slaves involved in logistic transportation during the war were also given free status. As for General Garcia, the defeat of the Paraguayan war You will lose the rank of general and at the same time be subject to certain property penalties. After the UU reading book www.uukanshu.com court sentenced me, I will transfer you to the Guards as an adviser to help manage the affairs of the Guards. "

Pedro II gently rejected Garcia's proposal, but in order to keep Garcia and temporarily calm the opposition in the country, he had to make a lot of concessions. First, he expanded the scope of pardoning slaves. As long as slaves engaged in military-related logistics and transportation can be pardoned, more than 200,000 black slaves will be pardoned, and the biggest loss will naturally be the owner of the slaves, those landowners and manor owners. Secondly, the release of land that originally belonged to the church and the increase in the autonomy of local states were the opposite of the reform plan originally implemented by Pedro II. As soon as possible to resolve the adverse effects of the defeat in the Paraguayan war, Pedro II chose to make concessions, hoping to overcome the current difficulties in a compromised and muddy manner.

Pedro's mind was decided, Garcia's persuasion was useless, but Frobert's complexion became difficult to look at. He gradually restricted the scope of slavery and released slaves in various ways. Pedro II challenged Brazil The bottom line of the landlord class.

The civil war broke out between the North and the United States because of hard work. Should Brazil also have a civil war because of slavery?

A brutal picture of the civil war emerged from Frobert's mind.