Rebirth 2008: I Can Make Money Reading

Chapter 359 New Technical Bottleneck (Happy Mid-Autumn Festival)

There are many directions for industrial lithium batteries, such as polymer lithium batteries, energy storage lithium batteries, lithium ion batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, etc.

For example, Spain's Graphenano company claims to have developed a graphene polymer battery with a specific energy of 497Wh/kg, which is twice that of the Xinghai Group's ternary lithium battery;

There are other types of batteries with very high energy density, but it is difficult to achieve mass production.

However, the above are all ordinary batteries, and for Mu Yang, it is not a black technology.

But it is also the research and development direction of Muyang in the next two to three years. High energy density batteries can be applied to flying equipment, such as flying cars or drones.

At present, there are institutions researching nuclear energy batteries, but they are still in the experimental stage, and Mu Yang does not know whether they will produce experimental products.

Now Mu Yang doesn't want to touch the nuclear energy battery, so it is estimated that the research will be difficult to achieve results, and we will wait for the system to level 7 and then look at it.

The company's ternary lithium battery can still be researched deeply, but Mu Yang wants to pause for a while, let the battery project team digest the ternary lithium battery technology he bought first.

Therefore, battery research has come to an end.

The technical direction that Mu Yang is going to study has already been settled in his mind, that is additive technology, commonly known as 3D printing, rapid prototyping, and entity free manufacturing.

This is a combination of computer-aided design, material processing and molding technology, based on digital model files, through software and numerical control system to process special metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biomaterials according to extrusion, sintering, melting, light curing , spraying and other ways to accumulate layer by layer to create a manufacturing technology for physical objects.

Compared with the traditional processing mode of raw material removal-cutting and assembly, it is a "bottom-up" manufacturing method through material accumulation, from scratch.

What is "top-up"?

This is the same as building a house, you can only start from the bottom and build up layer by layer.

This additive technology has been applied for a long time, such as the addition of cold processed materials such as plaster statues and polymer materials.

But the most difficult thing is the addition of metal materials!

Because the metal must be melted, the temperature is very high, and the fusion temperature of different materials is different. In the next few years, the most used material will still be titanium alloy.

This 3D printing technology is so powerful that it is mainly applied to the manufacture of complex materials, which cannot be done by conventional processing methods, so this 3D printing is produced.

For example, if a hollow metal ball is designed, can it be made by machining?

no!

The equipment cannot be constructed, because it still needs to be sealed in the end.

Machining belongs to "subtractive material", that is, the material removal processing technology, and the material is cut off with a tool.

This is a bit like we eat watermelon, without cutting the watermelon, is there a way to take out the melon inside? Just leave a watermelon rind?

The general method is to drill a small hole and suck out the watermelon flesh.

But how does metal suck?

Can't suck!

It's not magic.

Also, with a hole drilled, it's not a whole anymore.

If the method of manufacturing is used, it is to process two hollow hemispheres first, and then weld them together by welding.

This is the most conventional processing method, but what problems will it cause?

For example: the inside of welding is not smooth, prone to defects, welding will be deformed, high welding cost, welding internal stress and so on.

There are also casting, friction welding, etc., which cannot achieve internal defects.

Conventional manufacturing methods cannot perfectly produce a hollow metal ball.

However, with metal additive technology, it can be achieved.

This is the same as building a house, adding materials bit by bit to "fill up" it.

Compared with the traditional material removal processing method, it belongs to "additive material". The hollow ball weighs as much material as it needs, and there is no processing leftover material, and the material utilization rate reaches 100%.

But it has three biggest problems.

The first is that the efficiency of additive materials is low and the working hours are long;

The second is the problem of layer thickness, which is currently developing to 0.01mm. If the thickness of a layer is excessive, the accuracy and surface roughness will be very poor;

The third is that the plasticity and toughness are poor. For example, if it is used to process shafts, then it will not work!

It can be processed, but the processed shaft has poor toughness and is easy to break!

Therefore, the important shafts are all forged, not cast!

3D printing is actually a form of casting. It just means that conventional casting is pouring, where molten materials are poured directly into the model, while 3D metal printing requires a relatively small amount.

Mu Yang felt that he couldn't solve this lacking problem, so he never wanted to study this technology, but he knew that it would definitely be used in the future, and it really wouldn't work without it!

For lightweighting, a key advantage of additive manufacturing can be exploited: the ability to produce complex parts.

For example, flying cars, in addition to solving problems from material selection, can also solve problems from complex structural design, which cannot be solved from conventional manufacturing methods.

On the other hand, assembly of final parts or subassemblies is a routine part of the manufacturing process, requiring additional time, equipment, labor and quality control, and problems can arise at the point of assembly. Mounting points add additional weight through fasteners, resulting in increased operating costs in fuel-consuming applications.

Assembly points are also common points of failure, and if the connection points are weakened, this can result in undesirable risks or downtime. For these reasons, finding innovative and effective ways to eliminate or reduce assemblies can benefit numerous fields.

One subset of complex parts that additive manufacturing excels at making is integrated assemblies and one-piece designs. Additive manufacturing allows components to be joined during the design phase and seamlessly integrated in production.

This means less need for fasteners and a reduction in the total number of parts produced, with a corresponding reduction in overall weight.

Mu Yang turned on the reading system.

【Reading System】

[Level 6: 42.3Y/100Y] (current experience/upgrade experience)

Without experience: 122250.5W

Cash withdrawal amount: 915220000 yuan

Mu Yang

22 years old

Advanced Mathematics: Level 7 (2Y/20Y)+

Discrete Mathematics: Level 6 (8000W/2Y)+

Mathematical Analysis: Level 7 (2Y/20Y)+

Complex variable function: Level 6 (6000W/2Y)+

Analytical Geometry: Level 7 (2.2Y/20Y)+

Topology: Level 7 (3.2Y/20Y)+

...

Mu Yang has extremely high attainments in mathematics, followed by knowledge points in manufacturing.

The amount that can be withdrawn is still more than 900 million, and Mu Yang withdraws it every once in a while and enters the overseas account.

The system said that his concerns could be resolved through some special means, so that must be no problem.

There are still 1.2 billion experience, which seems to be a lot, but in fact it is not much. If it is spent, it will be used up in a while. It can only be used to upgrade 6 level 7 subjects, or to solve a few mathematical conjectures.

It will take at least a year and a half to upgrade the reading system to level 7.

Start with the basic additive technology first to lay a solid foundation for the future.

Xinghai Group is good at the fields of plasma welding and laser welding technology, and further research on additive technology is a higher level technology in this field.

The additive technology he wants to study is to use laser beams, electron beams, plasma or ion beams as heat sources to heat materials to combine them and directly manufacture parts. This is called high-energy beam rapid manufacturing, which is an important branch of the additive manufacturing field. Most common in industry.

In the field of additive manufacturing technology in the aerospace industry, high-energy beam rapid manufacturing of metals, non-metals or metal matrix composites is currently the fastest-growing research direction.

Aerospace is the fastest growing metal additive application because of its ability to mitigate the characteristics of thin manufacturing.

At present, the market size of metal additive technology is about 1 billion US dollars, which seems small, mainly because of low efficiency and precision problems.

If Muyang can solve these two problems, the market size will increase by more than ten times if the price correlation is not significant.

Mu Yang searched for technologies related to metal additives in the Achievement Store, and in an instant, he saw dozens of technologies related to metal additives.

Look through the technical introduction one by one,

An hour later, a technology suitable for Xinghai Group's development was found.

★A new metal additive laser additive manufacturing technology LDM01★

[Technology introduction: LDM (Laser Deposition Melting) technology is an organic combination of rapid prototyping technology and laser cladding technology. It uses metal powder as raw material, high-energy laser beam as heat source, and is planned according to the layered slice information of the formed part CAD model. Scanning the path, the metal powder sent is melted layer by layer, rapidly solidified, and deposited layer by layer, so as to realize the direct manufacturing of the entire metal part.

It has the following advantages: the forming size is not limited, and the manufacture of large-sized parts can be realized; the parts have no macro-segregation, the structure is small and dense, and the mechanical properties reach the level of forgings; the energy density of the laser beam is high, and the refractory and difficult-to-process materials can be realized. Near net shape...]

[LDM01, the world's top level, about 4-8 years ahead of the most advanced technology in the current laboratory, required achievement points: 100]

■Subject requirements: programming C++: level 6, programming C language: level 6, manufacturing operating system: level 7... ■

After figuring this out, Mu Yang decided to buy this technology.

One hundred achievement points is really painful. Judging from the current market situation, it is impossible to make a lot of money on this, which is why he has been afraid to buy it.

But this additive technology can solve Mu Yang's problem, so it has to be done.

Upgrade the subjects that have not met the requirements, and then confirm the purchase!

absorb!

In an instant, his mind was filled with warmth, and there were many principles, equipment structures, and functions about the LDM technology...into his sea of ​​memory, which lasted for nearly ten minutes!

After the end, Mu Yang found that he had a better understanding of laser and optical path system, water cooler and cooling system, CNC machine tool system, powder feeder and powder feeding system, inert gas protection system, laser melting deposition chamber and process monitoring system.

There are not many equipments, the key equipments are lasers and CNC machine tools!

After absorbing the knowledge, Mu Yang discovered that with Xinghai Group's technology, it is really impossible to manufacture CNC machine tools that meet the LDM01 technology.

Xinghai Group has no experience and technology in manufacturing CNC machine tools.

Is it possible to buy it?

no!

This is because Xinghai Group cannot buy high-precision CNC machine tools!

Even if the key components are purchased, it is difficult to transplant them to the CNC machine tools required by Muyang, and must be self-developed or cooperate with machine tool manufacturers.

The additive precision of LDM01 technology should be less than 0.01mm, so its motion trajectory is required to be very strict, that is, the machining accuracy of CNC machine tools is correspondingly required.

There are many factors that most affect machining accuracy (size, shape, and position accuracy), such as machine tool errors, machining principle errors, residual stress inside the workpiece, manufacturing errors and wear of fixtures and tools, and process systems.

The most difficult to solve is machine tool error, which is manifested as repeat positioning accuracy.

It is too troublesome to build a machine tool. Is it possible to use a robot to replace the trajectory of the CNC machine tool?

If it is a general additive technology requirement and does not require high precision, it can certainly be solved by robots.

The repetitive positioning accuracy of the robot is about plus or minus 0.05mm (5 wires), and some can reach plus or minus 0.02mm. The current robot control on the market cannot meet the requirements of LDM01.

Similarly, looking at the level of a machine tool depends on its repeated positioning accuracy! (The screw has a return clearance, and repeated movement back and forth will cause errors)

If the repeated positioning accuracy of a machine tool can reach 0.005mm, it is a high-precision machine tool;

Below 0.005mm, it is an ultra-high-precision machine tool, and a high-precision machine tool must have the best bearings and leadscrews.

The dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy of typical parts processed by the machining center are compared with the domestic and foreign levels. The domestic level is roughly 0.008-0.010mm, while the international advanced level (the beautiful country of Ruide Island) is 0.002-0.003mm.

In fact, in this era, it is very good that our country's machining center can reach 0.05mm, and it can be regarded as a CNC machine tool with high machining accuracy.

The general processing requirements are not so high at all, and it can basically meet the requirements if it can reach 0.05mm.

Of course, if you want to engage in industrial master machines (ultra-high-precision CNC machine tools), the higher the precision, the better.

If Xinghai Group can solve the problem of repeated positioning accuracy of 0.005mm, it can also meet the requirements of the additive equipment he purchased, and at the same time, it almost has the foundation for manufacturing industrial master machines.

It is almost the same. If you want to win against international competitors,

It doesn’t mean that the industrial base machine can be built after solving the repeated positioning accuracy, but it just means that the conditions are met. To build an industrial base machine, there are too many technologies that need to be solved, such as materials, high-temperature wear-resistant technology, stress relief technology, etc.

CNC machine tools are controlled in the form of digital signals. Every time the CNC device outputs a pulse signal, the moving parts of the machine tool move a pulse equivalent, generally 0.001mm.

After all, in addition to pulse motors (also known as stepper motors), mechanical mechanisms such as bearings and screw rods must also meet the requirements.

"Wow, if you want to engage in additive manufacturing technology, you must first solve the problem of CNC machine tools;

To solve the problem of CNC machine tools, you must first solve the problems of pulse motors, bearings and screw rods! "

Mu Yang sorted out his thoughts. If the technical problems of pulse motors, bearings and screw rods are solved, it will almost reach the level of industrial master machine CNC machine tools.

In the future, the industrial mother machine is also a part of Muyang's dream plan.

Therefore, now engaging in pulse motors, bearings and screw rods is not considered foolishness, it is regarded as laying the foundation for industrial mother machines.

Next, Mu Yang spent another 60 achievement points to purchase the manufacturing technology of pulse motors, bearings and screw rods, and another 100 achievement points to purchase the technology of CNC machine tools.

This time, another 160 achievement points were spent, and a total of 260 achievement points were spent today!

It hurts!

The total achievement point is only 606.5 points, and it may take a lot to solve the problem of the CNC machine tool.

For less critical technical issues, Mu Yang intends to solve them by himself.

With pulse motors, bearings and screw rods of the world's first technology, as well as the world's first-class CNC machine tools, it is impossible to build the world's first-level CNC machine tools within one year.

The world's first-level CNC machine tools have met the requirements of industrial master machines.

However, with technology alone, there are many basic technologies that cannot meet the requirements and cannot be manufactured.

However, it is no problem to make a world-class CNC machine tool.

It's not that manufacturing an industrial master machine is more complicated than making a car. The number of auto parts is more than that of ordinary CNC machine tools!

Rather, every technical requirement of the industrial master machine is very demanding, involving too many technologies that Xinghai Group does not have, and it is too time-consuming and energy-consuming.

But Mu Yang doesn't want to spend too much time on CNC machine tools for the time being. In the next year or two, world-class CNC machine tools have already met the requirements of Xinghai Group.

If Mu Yang had spent a hundred achievement points on metal additive technology a year ago, it would have been a waste of achievement points.

He didn't expect that it would be so troublesome to engage in metal additive technology.

The content of this chapter is very hard-core, and the beginning of a new technology is like this. There is no way, this is also the feature of this book. The old farmer has already written it very simply, and I really don't know how to write it any simpler.

For other knowledge points, you can only search and read.

There may be loopholes in the knowledge of industrial master machines. If you are in this industry, you can raise them after seeing the loopholes, and I will correct them immediately.