Path of Medicine With a System

The genius remembers the address of this site in one second: [] The fastest update! No ads!

The liver, whether it is its position in the human body or its function, is a bit of a link between the past and the bottom, and the balance between the left and the right. If the brain is the king, then the liver is the prime minister.

From a macro perspective, the liver is like a snail lying next to the stomach, just like a snail eating hot pot, and the stomach is hot pot.

The head of the snail is next to the stomach, this is the left lobe of the liver, and the back of the snail is the right lobe of the liver. In this way, the liver can be roughly divided into two lobes.

From a microscopic point of view, what does the liver look like? It looks like a honeycomb or a large office building. The central vein of the liver is the elevator in the middle of the office building.

Then various structures surround the central vein to form hepatic lobules, which are like the floors of an office building, where there are many offices.

These offices are the liver cells, and the fire escapes around the office buildings are the interlobular arteries of the liver.

Then the building of the liver is composed of countless floors of these liver lobules.

Venous blood from the stomach, large intestine, small intestine, pancreas, and spleen all pools in the liver.

After the various foods absorbed by the human body are absorbed in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine, various substances, including nutrients, enter the liver through the blood vessels. The liver breaks down and assembles it before sending it out.

How to decompose and combine, say a very simple and vulgar one. For protein, one had the sweet and sour pork tenderloin. There is a lot of protein in it, but these are the proteins that make up pigs. The liver is like a disassembler, dismantling the proteins into parts, and then reassembling them into the proteins that make up the human body.

If there is no liver, what will happen to this protein when it is eaten, and what will happen when it is absorbed. This is a bad thing. After eating pork for a few years, why did you start to look like a pig?

Continue to eat, eat for five or six years, well, become a pig! Although it is a bit exaggerated, this is one of the functions of the liver.

All kinds of venous blood in the digestive tract not only contain nutrients, but also toxins, such as pesticides, and harmful substances that are decomposed and absorbed by various substances.

All of these will be removed by the liver, detoxified and detoxified. Without this linking prime minister, it would be very troublesome for these harmful substances to enter the brain, not to mention entering other organs.

For example, after eating an egg, the ammonia molecule produced by the decomposition of protein directly enters the brain. Well, people start talking nonsense, all kinds of weird things, and even streaking.

Therefore, the liver is very important. How did liver tumors come about? To be honest, many of them have not been studied clearly. However, the current research is relatively clear.

For example, a person who loves to eat fat meat or a person who drinks a lot of alcohol for a long time, how much is too much, 80g of liquor per day is considered too much.

Not to mention other related diseases. But with one liver, fatty liver will appear first. That is to say, fat people and people who love to drink are prone to fatty liver.

If you are already fat and you still like to drink alcohol, then your fatty liver is even more difficult to get rid of. Not to mention alcoholic fat and non-alcoholic fatty liver.

Let’s talk about fatty liver in a general way, but it’s actually very simple, that is, in the large office building called the liver, there are many, many fat employees who are stuffed into the liver, and these fat people are fat particles.

These guys don't work, they don't do any decomposition or combination, they are uncles. Not to mention working, he still has to occupy the living space of the thin liver cells.

More and more fat people are crammed into office buildings. The liver, a large office building, becomes a piece of fat, which is fatty liver. At this time, the liver cells can still work, so there are no obvious symptoms.

If the liver has only reached this point, there is still salvation. After quitting alcohol and losing weight, the fatty liver gradually recovered. It doesn't take long, as long as you quit alcohol, meat, and lose weight scientifically, you will be able to recover in six weeks.

Just six weeks, no nine-nine-eight, no six-six-six,

In just six weeks, these fat people will be slowly decomposed and metabolized by the liver cells in the liver. The liver can still return to its original state and continue to be his little fresh meat.

If you keep eating, keep drinking. Well, there will be more and more fat people entering these offices, and they will use their fat bodies to bore the weak liver cells to death.

Can the liver cells be willing to be fattened to death for no reason? No, so this guy becomes fibrotic. That is to say, it was originally a small fresh meat.

Because he was not reconciled, after Xiao Xianrou died, his corpse changed. It turned into dehydrated beef jerky directly, exactly the same.

Immediately afterwards, the liver, which had already become a fat office building, became a hard piece of meat with no channels and no functions, greasy on the outside and fibrosis on the inside.

At this stage of development, fatty liver has changed its name, and the very tall ones have become cirrhosis.

At this time, the disease will come, and at this point, it is impossible to restore the liver to the original small fresh meat, that is, it can only be delayed but not cured!

Diseases followed, first of all ascites, the veins in the lower abdomen could not pass through the liver and could not return to the heart, blood containing a lot of protein leaked out of the blood vessels, and the body's belly began to grow.

Because of the strike of the liver, various hormones and poisons in the body cannot be inactivated, and the skin turns yellow immediately. The skin is like turmeric in the early years, sallow and sallow, like a wax figure that has not been bleached.

Men can also have breast (a) room development, and women directly have irregular menstruation and cannot conceive. What bleeding tendency, hypoproteinemia, immediately followed.

Because the liver stops working and becomes impermeable, the pressure on the related blood vessels begins to increase, just like a rubber hose holding down the water outlet.

The most common one is esophageal varicose veins, eating Oreos, usually crispy Oreos, at this time the veins of esophageal varices are sharp blades.

With a light swipe, it is like a fountain, and blood can be sprayed out from the mouth, not vomiting, but directly spraying out, which is also a common cause of death for patients with liver cirrhosis.

If these diseases have not killed this person, after various advanced surgeries and various advanced medicines, money will be spent like water.

This person has survived for seven years. At this time, the liver that has become dehydrated beef jerky is enlarged, and the boss of the disease, cancer, and liver cancer are here.

Therefore, in modern society, with such a high-energy diet, if you eat less meat and drink less alcohol, you will not die of hunger. Run two more steps, walk around if you have nothing to do, and you will never die of exhaustion.

There are many cancers in the liver. Let’s not talk about the unexplained ones and the unpreventable ones. If the preventable ones are not prevented, it cannot be justified.

Surgical incisions for liver cancer are very large. The incisions for appendix surgery and the incisions for gallbladder are all younger brothers in front of it.

"Plasma transfusion directly." Zhang Fan said to the itinerant nurse when he was about to have a laparotomy.

The itinerant nurse hesitated for a moment, looked at Professor Zhao Jingjin, and Lao Zhao nodded hurriedly. After all, it is a provincial tertiary hospital, and the nurses in the operating room are somewhat arrogant.

Zhang Fan didn't care too much, and started to do it directly!

Instead of beating people, start making surgical incisions. The old man's skin has turned yellow to bright, and the color of iodophor can no longer be seen after wiping the skin with iodophor.

Because the patient had a huge liver center tumor, Zhang Fan directly made a large incision. How big is the incision along the costal arch starting from under the xiphoid process?

Pulling up the lens, looking from the shadowless lamp, Zhang Fan completely uncovered the patient's right abdomen. To make a vulgar metaphor, it is like a pig that has been disemboweled in a meat case, its stomach has been completely opened.

While cutting, hemostasis and ligation, Zhang Fan's skillful technique couldn't be more skillful, big and small bleeding points, ligation by ligation, electrocoagulation by electrocoagulation, no obvious bleeding can be seen in the surgical field at all.

In the Science and Education Hall, the director who had called Lao Chang regained his complexion, looked at Zhang Fan's technique, and said to another director beside him: "It's interesting, he has a skill, and it's already amazing to be able to do this at this age. It's very rare. What is the origin of this guy, and the surname Zhao didn't leak a word?"

"Old Zhao is deeply afraid that others will take credit for him, so he doesn't say anything at all. He just waits for others to be at a loss, and then jumps out. Didn't you see the face of the dean at that time!" At this time, these directors believed that Zhang Fan could do it. This surgery is over.

Everyone is engaged in this line of work, and everyone knows whether they are skilled or not, and whether they are experts or not.

Open the abdominal cavity and start exploring. Tumors are such a horrible thing. There are too many ways for this thing to transfer, and it can run from the blood to other places for development.

From the lymph, it can run to other developments, and it can also infect directly through nearby tissues. And it can escape around through ascites. It can also be like a fruit tree, where mature cancer cells fall and where deep roots germinate.

For other surgeries, it is generally necessary to formulate a surgical plan before the operation and execute it directly, but this is not the case for cancer surgery. Although the modern inspection equipment is very advanced, it is still not realistic to conduct on-site inspections.

"There is no ascites, and there is no metastasis on the omentum, mesentery, or peritoneum!" Zhang Fan felt a little relieved after checking. Once transferred, the surgery should be changed accordingly.

"It's saved, otherwise it would be difficult for someone so old to persist in expanding the scope of cleaning." Zhao Jingjin also breathed a sigh of relief.

He knew that today's operation was successful, and the things about his experiment in the hospital would disappear. Waiting for his experiment to succeed, he would start charging towards the top of the hospital.

Therefore, surgery cannot fail, and failure is not allowed. When Zhang Fan said that there was no ascites, he really felt as comfortable as if he had entered a heating room for three or nine days.

God help me too!

Liver cancer surgery is not easy to do. Apart from other things, the liver has the function of storing blood, which is directly like beef filled with water, or a sponge soaked in water. It will bleed profusely if it is broken casually, not to mention cutting off a large part of it.

So bleeding is very important. "Although the tumor is not very big, it is too close to the center, so it needs to be ligated." After the inspection, Zhang Fan looked at the protruding tumor of the liver and said softly to Zhao Jingjin.

"Okay, shall we start timing now?" Professor Zhao Jingjin asked Zhang Fan. Although he was an expert, Zhang Fan was the chief surgeon, and Zhang Fan was better at this kind of operation than him.

"Gloves." Zhang Fan took a pair of unused gloves from the equipment nurse, saw him cut open the gloves, and took out the rubber band in the mouth of the gloves.

"I'll have a ligation." Professor Zhao Jingjin reached out and wanted to take the rubber band for ligation, but Zhang Fan directly refused. Once undergoing surgery, what Zhang Fan can do will never be handed over to others.

Liver ligation is simple, it is really simple to say, it is OK to ligate the ascending and descending blood vessels with rubber bands, how is it? In fact, it is like an apple on a branch, and the apple is connected to the small branches of the big tree with a rope.

That's what it means. However, blood vessels are not branches. If the ligation is loose, the bleeding cannot be stopped. If the ligation is tight, the blood vessels may be broken. The blood vessels here are not small blood vessels, but very thick inferior vena cava. Once broken, it will kill people. of.

"Tsk tsk! Look, this guy doesn't even believe in Lao Zhao, and he doesn't even let Lao Zhao do the ligation of blood vessels." The directors in the Science and Education Hall gloated and laughed at Lao Zhao.

"Yeah, let's see, what kind of ability is there to make the arrogant old Zhao bow his head and obey his ears."

"Time!" Zhang Fan ligated the upper and lower blood vessels lightly and forcefully. It sounded contradictory, but this was a degree and an appropriate strength.

Without five years of practice, the superior doctors of the hepatobiliary surgery department would never let the junior doctors learn how to ligate the blood vessels.

The blood vessels cannot be ligated for too long, otherwise the liver will become necrotic. Therefore, the ligation time should not exceed 20 minutes, and patients with obvious liver cirrhosis should not exceed 15 minutes.

In other words, for every 15-minute operation, the ligated blood vessels must be released to allow blood to enter the liver for three to five minutes.

Roving nurse, turn on the timer. Said to Zhang Fan and Zhao Jingjin: "Start the timer."

In fact, the difficulty of resection is not the resection, but the dissociation. First of all, blood vessels, various nerves, ligaments, and various pipelines on the liver must be freed.

The purpose of surgery is to save people, not to cut them. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the damage as much as possible. This is the embodiment of the level of a doctor.

If the injury is ignored, it is estimated that just pulling out a slightly trained person can cut off the tumor, but once the injury is involved, it will be very troublesome.

The liver is suspended in the abdominal cavity. It is pulled up by many ligaments, and then blood vessels and hepatobiliary passages pass along these ligaments. To remove the tumor, these ligaments, vessels and various hepatobiliary passages must first be given to the liver. separated.

Because it was a central tumor, Zhang Fan immediately began to remove the gallbladder after the blood vessels were ligated, because after the tumor was removed, the bile duct was damaged, and the gallbladder was useless, and it would only cause bad things if it remained.

Therefore, if you want to remove the tumor, you must first clean up the surrounding area, just like in an annihilation war, you must first clean up the surrounding area before launching a general attack.