My Super Black Technology Empire

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At that time, cashmere cutters were "nobles among woolen workers".

The steps they are responsible for are extremely difficult. For just one step of shearing, workers need to use a pair of 40-pound manual scissors, stand at a height of 4 feet, and precisely keep the opening and closing angles of the two blades at about 37° to ensure The work is successfully completed, and the quality of their work can directly affect the price of about 20% of the finished woolen products.

This group of "senior workers" has higher wages, and they have formed one tight guild after another. They are known as "tough and united". Employers often do nothing to them. At the same time, they implement a strict apprenticeship system. Able to be a teacher.

Therefore, it is not difficult to understand the lethality of the raising machine to their work. Once such a high-efficiency machine is used on a large scale, the social and economic status of the cashmere cutters will decline rapidly.

With the development of the industrial revolution, textile machines such as raising machines were used secretly, the government turned a blind eye, and then the government completely forgot the law and let the factory owners use it. In 1809, the country even completely abolished all textile machinery. The protection decree of the woolen industry has nothing for workers to rely on to protect themselves.

Most people saw the industrial revolution and only saw the prosperity of China's economy and the glory of the empire on which the sun never sets, but they forgot to see the division of China's society. The industrial revolution created a greater gap between the rich and the poor. The factory owners who jumped up gradually became the new masters of the country, while the workers faced more serious survival problems.

In just over ten years, the wages of most textile workers have dropped by about 70%, and the wages of some types of work that are less difficult to operate have dropped by 97% until they disappeared, and the wages of cashmere cutters have also dropped by 60%. above.

Although the birth of new industries has created more jobs, proportionally, the number of unemployed people clearly outnumbers the number of newly employed people. For example, in Yorkshire, the number of cashmere cutters using machines rose from 100 to 1,462, but at the same time 1,170 traditional shearers were unemployed, and 1,445 shearers were half-employed.

Some cashmere cutters were veterans who had returned from the front line. They sent an anonymous letter to the congressmen expressing the despair of their lives. The letter wrote:

Some of us have served 6, 8 or even 10 years of military service defending this country, and now the defended country is sending us to starve after peace!

Yorkshire is ready for a revolution!

Signed: A soldier with his wife and crying child.

It is in such a social atmosphere that

The workers were generally pessimistic about the future, and the government could not come up with good policies to help the workers. As a result, revolutionary sentiment continued to brew, and uprisings and demonstrations followed one after another.

During the most glorious period of China's industrial revolution, the workers' resistance movement cast a shadow over the so-called empire on which the sun never sets.

Before the large-scale and widespread violent movement, the working class actually adopted the method of peaceful reform plus small-scale raids, hoping that the bourgeois rulers would show goodwill and improve the treatment of workers.

Standing at the forefront of the movement at this time was the most powerful velvet cutters' association in the country at that time: the Concise Association.

The Concise Association is a strict industry trade union. They have a serious membership oath ceremony, pay high membership fees, and have a unified membership logo, a well-established branch structure from the central to the local level, and even some small secret operations teams.

In 1802, when the raising machine was first introduced into Wittshire, the cashmere shearers revolted for the work in hand.

In successive special operations, the workers destroyed three factories, while six other factories suffered losses. They broke into the factory masked, while holding their own work scissors, shouting for a living! And so on, the factories were destroyed, and the most serious Leddington factory was completely destroyed, with losses exceeding 8,000 pounds.

Since then, the government representing the interests of the bourgeoisie quickly arrested the workers who caused the accident, but encountered difficulties during the trial. Because the decree of Edward VI more than 100 years ago has not been abolished, it is suddenly deadlocked whether the factory owner or the worker broke the law first.

Although no direct evidence can be found, the Concise Society is likely to be related to these attacks on the factory. They then followed suit and used the Yorkshire cloth merchant Benjamin Gaut to illegally hire apprentices, launching a 4-month-long Gaut strike , The momentum is huge, but the results are very small, it is just that Gott gave up hiring apprentices.

The leaders of the Concise Society saw the strength of the working class and were ready to use mass strikes and demonstrations to fight for workers' rights. Thus began a seven-year legislative struggle.

They proposed to restore the ban on raising machines, and at the same time requested to limit the number of other machines and improve workers' treatment. The Concise Society once received 39,000 signatures in support, and they submitted their appeal to the House of Commons through legal means.

However, the aristocrats and the bourgeoisie accounted for the main components in the parliament, and they did not consider the ideas of the working class. So through legal means, this bill was kept on hold for several years.

In 1809, George III announced the abolition of all old statutes for the woolen industry, announcing the failure of the peaceful reform movement led by the Concise Society.

The matter is very clear, the Chinese government intends to promote industrial upgrading through tough industrial policies, and completely replace manual production with machines.

In the year when labor protection laws were lacking, these unemployed workers did not receive any assistance and protection from the government and society, and gradually became a time bomb.

In the 1810s, the country suffered a double blow from Napoleon. On the one hand, it was the quagmire of war, and on the other hand, it was the European blockade policy. One of the manifestations was the rapid out-of-control of wheat prices. The price of wheat once reached 120 shillings a quart, but at that time even high-level jobs such as cashmere cutters were only 8-12 shillings a week, and a child labor could only earn 1 shilling a day.

At this time, the widespread use of hosiery machines became the fuse of the Lourdes movement. The sock knitting machine can sew socks at high speed, but the quality is extremely poor and the price is low, which hit the market at once, causing countless traditional sock knitting factories to close down one after another, and workers lost their jobs. Workers had appealed to factory owners not to use hosiery machines, but with little success, a violent movement began, known as the Luddh movement.

There are two theories about the name of Lude. One is that in Leicestershire, a worker named Lude took the lead in smashing the hosiery machine; the other is that Lude is a legendary name.

This movement centered on cashmere cutters and included the vast majority of the lower class people in society. It was so powerful that the army that suppressed the rebellion in Britain was once larger than the army that fought against Napoleon on the European battlefield.

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