My Super Black Technology Empire

Chapter 475 Higgs Boson

According to the Standard Model, the ordinary models around us are basically composed of elementary particles.

A pair of positive and anti-quarks make up a meson, and three quarks can make up a baryon (for example, neutrons and protons belong to baryons, both of which are composed of three quarks), protons and neutrons can make up the nucleus, and the nucleus plus electrons make up an atom.

Atoms and atoms form molecules, and molecules and atoms can form various materials around us.

As the "God particle" that gives other particles mass, the importance of the Higgs particle can be said to be self-evident. The Higgs particle is also unstable, and it will decay into other particles.

By studying the decay products of the Higgs particle, scientists can deduce the nature of the Higgs particle itself.

The Higgs boson was finally discovered in 2012 by studying two-photon products, as well as other lepton pair products.

The Chinese physicist Higgs himself won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics for proposing the "Higgs mechanism" named after himself.

In 2012, the Higgs particle was discovered in two-photon products and other lepton pair products. After the discovery of the Higgs particle, in order to further study its properties, scientists need to measure the Higgs particle Various decays.

As Xinhua News Agency said in the report, the standard model predicts that most of the Guss particles should decay to the bottom quark pairs. This decay accounts for 60% of the Higgs particle decays, which means that this decay should be very common. , but he did not announce the discovery of the bottom quark pair decay of the Higgs particle until six years later in 2018.

A neutral boson (Z) and a Higgs particle (H) produced by the proton collision at that time, H decayed into a bunch of bottom quarks (B), and Z decayed into a pair of positron-electron pairs (E+ e).

And this decay is too complicated, and scientists need to select a very small number of signals from a huge amount of data.

If in 2012, a teenager was looking for a female deskmate in a school auditorium with a capacity of 1,000 people, then in 2018, he will probably find his girlfriend at a concert site with a capacity of 30,000 people.

In 2012, there are quite a lot of backgrounds in the decay process of young electrons, and in 2018, there are much more backgrounds in the process of quark collisions.

A summary of the proton collision process at the Large Hadron Collider,

There are too many processes that can produce bottom quark pairs. Scientists need to distinguish which bottom quarks come from the decay of the Higgs particle from a large amount of data.

The most difficult part of this discovery is to separate a very small number of signals from a large number of backgrounds.

Scientists at CERN have been collecting experimental data until they have now amassed enough data that the Higgs signal in the decay of the bottom quark pair reaches five standard deviations.

So at that time, a physicist could finally announce that this was a discovery "". To know that if an article in high-energy physics is to be used as a title, the significance of the signal must be more than five times the standard deviation.

This discovery is very important, because it can be used to test the standard model or discover new physics, so the discovery of CERN tells mankind that the measurement results of this decay process are consistent with the predictions of the standard model.

This discovery is a milestone event in the exploration of the summary of the Higgs particle process. So far, the LHC has observed the coupling of the Higgs particle with three generations of quarks, leptons and other major decay modes.

The Higgs particle is closely related to the formation of the mass of objects in space. With mass, particles can combine to form atoms.

Only with atoms can there be molecules, and only with molecules can objects be built, so the "Higgs boson" is considered to be a particle that shapes everything in the world.

Without it, there would be no world as people see it, so that's why it is called the "God Particle".

As for the impact on human beings, this kind of particle can be used to "build everything" and at the same time reduce its weight without changing the nature of matter.

In terms of industry, a mountain of iron can be reduced to less than one ton, and a fighter jet can be reduced to only one-tenth of its usual size, greatly improving its endurance.

Or... lose weight, use high-energy physics to lose weight.

You can also use the Higgs boson to make some favorite sports cars, yachts, mansions, etc., all kinds of substances.

All you need are molecules of sufficient mass, and enough energy, to make any kind of molecular-built substance.

Liquid metal can also be used, and the high-strength material Ye Fan needs can also be solved by the Higgs boson.

It is like reducing the weight of a planetary engine so that it will not directly collapse the continental plate, and at the same time construct a new type of high-strength metal that can meet the needs of future human escape.

It's just a pity that the research on the "God particle" has not broken through the substantive stage until now, and it still only stays at the theoretical stage of being hit by a particle collider.

In other words, human beings simply don't know how to use this kind of particle, and at the same time, they are also exploring the various properties and decay of this kind of particle.

According to China's official budget, it will take at least three hundred years for this technology to be substantively applied and installed on a large scale.

Just like the direct current and alternating current invented by Edison and Nikola Tesla at that time, the theoretical system of resistance invented by Ohm did not start to emit light and heat until hundreds of years later in modern times, and the whole world began to apply related technologies on a large scale. technology.

However, the advanced idea they put forward at that time did not spread on a large scale at that time.

In other words, the level of social productivity at that time could not meet the needs of promoting this idea.

The same principle applies to the introduction of the Higgs boson into modern life. Although that thing is good, it is not needed now, and it cannot be used.

Therefore, the Yingguo Township directly cut off the relevant budget at that time, and at the same time, it did not contribute much to the maintenance of the particle collider.

Because over the years, the things that have been knocked out by particle colliders are good in many ways, but they are all things that can only be used in decades and hundreds of years.

The Yingguo town government doesn't want to continue burning money for decades or hundreds of years. To put it bluntly, Yingguo may not exist by then.