I

Zhang Xianzhong's official resume is very strange, from the village chief to the governor suddenly, and then from the governor to the county magistrate.

Officials in the Ministry of Officials were stunned and didn't know how to record it.

In fact, it's very simple. As far as Zhang Xianzhong's age and experience are concerned, no matter what he does, the emperor has the final say, and there are only a few years left in his official career.

Maybe Zhao Han also felt awkward, and made Zhang Xianzhong a baron to make up for the gap from the governor's downgrading to the county magistrate.

In Datong China, society is progressing, and Europe has not stopped.

In this year in France, there was the second recorded blood transfusion in humans.

The first time was two years ago when physiologist Lauwell gave a 13-year-old child a small amount of lamb blood.

Denis, the imperial physician of Louis XIV, heard the news and learned that the child was fine, so he also started his own journey of crime. Within a year, he gave blood transfusions to seven people, all of which were sheep blood and cow blood.

Of the seven victims, three survived and four died.

One of the family members of the deceased took Dennis to court. Subsequent investigations proved that the cause of death of the deceased was actually arsenic poisoning, because he also consulted other doctors. And that doctor prescribed arsenic in the medicine...

But things got worse, because the deceased was an aristocrat, and France and Britain banned blood transfusions one after another.

China is also conducting blood transfusion experiments.

The cause is the same as in Europe, because I read the blood circulation papers of the British doctor Harvey.

A folk doctor of the Ziyang sect transfused the blood of one dog into another dog, and both dogs lived well. Then continue the experiment, buy ten dogs, and cross them for blood transfusion.

A month later, six of the ten unlucky dogs died one after another.

The doctor immediately wrote a paper and submitted it to the Medical Museum of Qintian University, which quickly caused a sensation after it was published.

There was a lot of scolding!

The curator of the medical museum issued an industry ban on this, forbidding the use of living people for blood transfusion experiments. Because everyone knows that the doctors of the Ziyang School are a group of lunatics, who dare to use dogs to conduct experiments today, and dare to start with living people tomorrow.

The prohibition is meant to be violated. In the future, there will definitely be doctors who will secretly infuse blood into living people.

…

In the twenty-seventh year of the beginning of the Republic of China, there was no major event.

In the twenty-eighth year, the Datong Army recovered the Yili River Valley. Galdan, who had unified northern Xinjiang, was furious about this and took the initiative to attack Luntai City that autumn.

Luntai, namely Urumqi, was changed by Zhao Han himself.

The main force of the Western Expedition led by Jiang Liang has been divided into five parts. Some were stationed in Dawan, some returned to Shaanxi and Gansu, some were stationed in Xinjiang, some returned to Qinghai, and some had just recovered Ili. Therefore, in the face of Galdan's attack, the Datong Army could only defend Luntai City alone.

Unable to attack for a long time, Galdan chose to go around the city, cross the pass of Tianshan Mountain, and go to the Turpan area to plunder.

The Han immigrants had already received news that those who could enter the city entered the city, and those who were far away from the city all hid in simple earthen castles.

The civilians of all ethnic groups suffered, most of them were freed serfs, and their lives improved after a while, but they were plundered by Galdan again. All the newly harvested grain was taken away, all the livestock raised were also taken away, and even many people were taken away.

For such behavior, Jiang Liang was furious, and the people of all ethnic groups shared the same hatred.

In the twenty-ninth year, when the snow melted in spring, Jiang Liang launched a counterattack.

When recruiting civilian husbands, people of all ethnic groups enthusiastically signed up. One is to be a civilian husband for the Datong Army, and they can receive rations to overcome the food shortage crisis; the other is that they really hate Galdan and really want to fight for the Datong Army.

Jiang Liang led 15,000 cavalry, 36,000 infantry, and more than 50,000 Han Chinese and civilians of various ethnic groups. They first assembled in Luntai, and then went straight to Bokseli (Boxer County), the royal court of Galdan.

Galdan did not choose to run away. He felt that the number of Han troops was small, and there were only 50,000 people who could really fight, and there were only more than 10,000 cavalry.

Of course, it is not a direct decisive battle, but to attack and disturb the food road of the Datong army first.

At the same time, He Yudu, who was stationed in Ili, led 3,000 Datong cavalry, 2,000 Mongolian cavalry, and 1,500 Giligis cavalry, with almost no supplies, went north from the Ili River Valley, crossed the Tianshan Mountains, and went straight to Galdan's lair. They plundered the Mongolian tribes along the way, obtained food on the spot, and killed Galdan by surprise.

The two sides fought a decisive battle on the edge of the desert in the northwest of Berkeseli. Galdan attacked fiercely as soon as he came up, but he couldn't break through the chariot formation of the Datong Army, and instead was sent out by firearms. The charging troops were defeated, Jiang Liang immediately launched a counterattack, and thousands of Heshuot cavalry turned around and rushed towards Galdan together.

Galdan was defeated, and the whole army was defeated. He led thousands of remnants and fled westward to the Balkhash Lake area.

Jiang Liang left the infantry and civilian husbands behind, led the cavalry of Datong, the cavalry of Jiligis, and the cavalry of Junggar and Heshuote who had defected to them, and continued to pursue with one man and two horses.

Galdan gathered more than 2,000 tribal cavalry in Balkhash. Faced with Jiang Liang's pursuit, he still did not dare to resist, and finally fled to Zhongyuzi in the southwest with more than 8,000 people.

Toukhan, who has conquered most of Zhongyuzi, how can he accommodate this dragon crossing the river? He revealed his identity as Emperor Zhao's uncle, waved the banner of loyalty to the emperor, shouted the slogan of defending Zhongyuzi, and led 20,000 cavalry to chase and intercept Galdan.

Galdan's troops were already exhausted, their morale fell to the bottom, and they were defeated again without any suspense.

This guy was really able to escape, and with more than a thousand remnants of soldiers, he even fled northward to the territory of Tsarist Russia. Of course, he did not seek refuge in Tsarist Russia, but conquered the natives there, and took the natives to seize the Cossack stronghold.

After this battle, Toukhan's reputation became even more famous, and the remaining Zhongyuzi tribe voluntarily declared their allegiance to him—the Junggar tribe and Zhongyuzi had a feud, and whoever could defeat Junggar would be recognized by the Zhongyuzi tribe.

Toukhan unified Zhongyuzi in this way, and then discussed the demarcation of the border with the Nanjing court.

The southern area is naturally demarcated by mountains and rivers.

China has all the mountainous areas, condescending, and can attack Zhongyuzi at any time. As for Zhongyuzi, if he wanted to invade China, he had to break through the pass through the mountain pass and fight his way in.

As for the north, Balkhash Lake and the surrounding grasslands are all owned by Datong China.

Such demarcation is a bit overbearing, because the grasslands on the south bank and west bank of Balkhash Lake have always been the territory of Zhongyuzi. Even the grasslands on the north bank and the east bank used to belong to Zhongyuzi, but they were taken away by the Junggar tribe.

As compensation, the Nanjing court gave other rewards.

Toukhan was given 1,000 muskets, 5,000 sets of cotton armor, and 8,000 bolts of cotton cloth, equivalent to using these strategic materials in exchange for the pastures on the south and west banks of Lake Balkhash.

With so many supplies, Toukhan's strength soared in an instant, especially the five thousand sets of cotton armor, which could equip five thousand fine cavalry in an instant.

In the 30th year of the beginning of the Republic of China, Toukhan led his army to the south to attack Dayuzi, which was being ravaged by the remnants of the Yarkand army.

Yao Lewas, who was driven to Dayuzi by the Datong Army, beat up the scattered Dayuzi tribe. But it's useless to hold a group, because of different ideas, they organized coalition forces twice, and were defeated by the Yarkand soldiers of Yaolevas twice, so they could only barely hold on to the city.

Toukhan led his army to the south and was immediately welcomed by all the ministries of Dayuzi.

In the first battle, both losers.

Before the second battle started, Yao Levas caught fire in the backyard. In the city of Dayuzi, which he conquered, rebels appeared one after another, and He Zhuo led his followers to rebel.

Yao Levas had no choice but to take the Yarkand army back to suppress the rebellion, and Toukhan immediately led his army to pursue it.

The two sides fought a decisive battle in Talas, Toukhan won a big victory, Yao Levas was defeated and killed, and the remnant of Yarkand was completely destroyed.

After the war, the leaders of various ministries in Dayuzi publicly promoted Touke Khan as the Great Khan of Kazakhstan.

In the thirty-second year of the first year of the Republic of China, Tou Kehan ​​led the armies of Zhongyuzi and Dayuzi to attack Xiaoyuzi in the west. Along the way, all the ministries surrendered one after another, and they won the allegiance of all the ministries of Xiaoyuzi with almost no fighting.

This alien brother-in-law of Zhao Han quickly completed the great cause of Kazakh unification.

But he never thought of jumping back, it is really a bad location. The Kazakh grasslands are flat, and the Datong army can come and go whenever they want, but the borders of China are full of mountains. Invading China is almost like clearing a customs game.

Even if the descendants of Toukhan were rebellious, they would at most attack the Balkhash Lake area.

In the 33rd year of the Republic of China, the Bukhara Khanate fell into civil strife.

The major separatist forces are no longer satisfied with the separatist regimes, and all want to swallow the neighboring forces. Some people even contacted the Datong Army, hoping that the Han people in Dawan Mansion would send troops to help them reunify, and that they would give enough rewards when things were done.

The military and government officials of Dawan Mansion did not agree, and Toukhan did not dare to agree either.

Historically, Touk Khan sent troops to support the separatist forces to unify Bukhara, and was regarded as the Great Khan by the new king of Bukhara.

At this time, he was afraid of offending the Chinese emperor, and Toukhan did not dare to take action easily, and the Bukhara Khanate fell into continuous civil strife.

It has been in chaos for several years, and the Chinese court can no longer sit still. The magistrate of the Dawan Military and Civilian Mansion, and the chief guard of the Anxi Governor's Mansion jointly requested the court's permission to send troops. Because the Bukhara Khanate continued to be in chaos, the Silk Road was scourge, and the annual trade volume and tax revenue were declining.

After the approval of the Nanjing court, the Chinese army in Dawan Mansion and Kazakh Khan sent troops to Bukhara at the same time to support the separatist forces to establish a puppet regime.

…

Thirty-four years since the beginning of the Republic of China.

The reason why Li Dingguo took so long to take down the entire territory of the Yenisei Warlord Region in Tsarist Russia was because he had to step by step.

That is to say, to lay down a stronghold, you have to garrison troops to emigrate, and at the same time appease the local aborigines. Basically, winning two Cossack strongholds every year is Li Dingguo's limit, otherwise the transportation of military rations will be too difficult.

Also in this year, Zhao Han received a letter from France.

Two letters, one by Louis XIV and one by Leibniz.

Leibniz was a letter-writing fanatic and had three-digit pen pals throughout his life. Kangxi in parallel time and space is also Leibniz's pen pal, and the two often discuss academic issues together. Leibniz's binary system was also inspired by Chinese Tai Chi and Eight Diagrams, which eventually influenced the invention of electronic computers.

This gentleman was sent to Paris as a diplomat by the Duke of Saxony.

He didn't achieve much in foreign affairs, but he took advantage of his position to communicate free of charge with nobles and scholars from various European countries. After getting through, I started writing letters to Zhao Han, and sent them together with Louis XIV's letter.

Zhao Han was very surprised to receive the letter from Leibniz, and what was even more surprising was that the content was not about mathematics, but asking Zhao Han for philosophical questions.

Leibniz was also a philosopher.

Zhao Han expounded his outlook on the universe and morality, and kindly invited Leibniz to come to China as a guest. If you are willing to settle in China, you can let him serve as an official.

Four years later, Zhao Han received a reply letter from Leibniz, thanking His Majesty the Emperor for his invitation, but he had no plans to leave Europe yet.

The specific reason is that Leibniz worked as a diplomat in Paris and made hundreds of pen pals at the same time. Once the address is changed, those letters will not be received...